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Bryce Hospital Coal Mine Inundation
formerly called the Alabama Insane Hospital

Tuscaloosa, Tuscaloosa County, Alabama
February 20, 1901
No. Killed - 3

In the 1860s, the Alabama Insane Hospital, later known as Bryce Hospital, operated its own coal mine to provide heat and lights for the Asylum.  On February 20 1901, a mining disaster occurred when one of the patients struck through an abandoned header in the State Insane Asylum Mine, causing water to rush in drowning 13 patients who were in the mine.  The bodies where entombed there, and the mine was never reopened.
In the News
(news links open in a separate window in PDF format) PDF Format
News icon The Tuskaloosa Gazette, Feb. 21, 1901
News icon The Birmingham News, Feb. 23, 1901
News icon Birmingham Post-Herald, Feb. 26, 1901
News icon The Tuskaloosa Gazette, Feb. 27, 1901
News icon Union Springs Herald, Feb. 27, 1901


Death and Darkness for Days
Source:  Tuscaloosa Thread External Link

On February 20th, 1901, around 2 p.m., a wall of coal ruptured that separated the active mine from an abandoned, flooded one.  Water began flooding into that space deep underground where the two dozen workers tried to scramble to safety.

11 men escaped, and their names are lost to time, at least to date.  Three others - Jeff Hamner, Dock Foster and Pompey Stokes - drowned in the disaster.

10 remaining men spent two-and-a-half days in a nightmare, trapped down there in the flooded chambers for 63 hours.  They stayed alive on an area of elevated earth where the water did not fully submerge.  One newspaper account said they were on dry ground all along, while another said they spent some time standing in icy cold water.

Finally, days later, workers on the surface pumped out enough water for the survivors to wade, neck-deep, to the only ladder to the surface.  Seven emerged unassisted, and three others had to be raised up in a cage, too weak for the 80-foot climb.

Eight of them are pictured below with four white hospital workers after they emerged from their would-be tomb 80 feet underground.

Again, the three men who died in the flooded mine are Jeff Hamner, Dock Foster and Pompey Stokes.  The 11 survivors are Alonzo Smith, James White, John Stokes, John Quinsy, James Hays, Peter Hodge, Harry Slaughter, Isom Ford, George Morris and William Hargrove.

Anyone who believes they may be a descendant of one of these coal miners or who has additional information about the Bryce Hospital Mine and the disaster which led to its permanent closure is encouraged to contact the NAACP.
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